Hanoi People’s Committee has submitted a report to the Hanoi People’s Council for approval of the capital’s 100-year vision master plan.

Hanoi is projected to have approximately 17-19 million people by 2065

According to the report’s content, regarding population size, it is projected that by 2035 there will be approximately 14-15 million people. By 2045, Hanoi is projected to have about 15-16 million people.

By 2065, the entire city is projected to have approximately 17-19 million people. For the long-term vision after 2065 to 2085 and beyond, the population size will be kept basically stable, controlled not to exceed 20 million people.

Hanoi has also set out a roadmap for the city’s economic development in stages, specifically:

Stage 2026-2035: Digital transformation, breakthrough growth. Hanoi aims for an average GRDP growth rate of over 11% per year; by 2035, GRDP scale is to reach about 200 billion USD, with GRDP per capita around 18,800 USD.

The digital economy is to account for 50% of GRDP, the cultural industry to contribute about 10%, TFP to reach 60%. Population is projected at 14-15 million people; HDI to reach 0.90, happiness index 9.2/10.

Stage 2036-2045: Breakthrough, comprehensive modernization, continuing to maintain growth over 11% per year; by 2045, GRDP is to reach about 640 billion USD, with a minimum per capita income of 42,000 USD. The cultural industry is to contribute about 12% of GRDP.

Population is projected at 15-16 million people; urban construction land to reach 45-50%; happiness index 9.5/10.

Stage 2046-2065: Hanoi as a global city, enhancing happiness; average GRDP growth over 5% per year; by 2065, GRDP scale is to reach about 1,920 billion USD, with a minimum per capita income of 95,000 USD.

The cultural industry becomes a key sector, contributing 15-20% of GRDP. Population reaches 17-19 million people. Regarding regional linkage, the report indicates Hanoi is oriented to maintain the role of a core urban area, a radiating center and a driving force leading the development of the entire capital region, the Red River Delta region and the Northern Key Economic Zone.

Regarding spatial structure, urban areas in neighboring provinces such as Bac Ninh, Hung Yen, Thai Nguyen, Phu Tho, Ninh Binh… are identified as satellite cities, playing a counterbalancing and supporting role.

The entire “Core – Satellite” system is to be synchronously connected by a modern infrastructure network, including ring roads (4; 4.5; 5), radial expressways and especially an inter-regional railway system.

Regarding public transport development orientation, Hanoi identifies the metro as the main axis, playing a leading role and shaping new development spaces.

The plan supplements inter-regional lines, raising the total metro network length to about 1,200km, including: 3 regional/inter-regional railway lines, 2 rapid metro lines, 11 metro lines and 6 light rail/automated transit lines. The city will also thoroughly apply the Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) model.

Hanoi focuses on renovation and reconstruction associated with conservation and promotion of cultural-historical values in the Old Quarter (36 Streets), the French Quarter, degraded residential areas and old apartment building systems.

Simultaneously, priority is given to renovating the West Lake area and its vicinity, relic and heritage sites; expanding reconstruction and restructuring along Ring Roads 1, 2, 3 and radiating to urban and rural areas.

The city also identifies the Red River as a development symbol, maintaining the role of a central green space axis and an ecological, cultural, and economic landscape axis for the capital.

The report proposes a spatial structure comprising 9 development poles, 9 major centers and 9 driving axes, forming the framework for the urban economic ecosystem.</

Old Quarter (36 Streets)

The Old Quarter, also known as the “36 Streets,” is the historic commercial heart of Hanoi, Vietnam, dating back over a thousand years to the Ly and Tran dynasties. Its distinctive layout evolved with each street traditionally dedicated to a specific craft or guild, such as silk, silver, or bamboo. Today, it remains a vibrant hub of narrow lanes, ancient architecture, and bustling markets, preserving the essence of traditional Hanoi life.

French Quarter

The French Quarter is the historic heart of New Orleans, founded in 1718 by French colonists. Today, it is famous for its preserved Spanish and French Creole architecture, vibrant nightlife on Bourbon Street, and cultural landmarks like Jackson Square and St. Louis Cathedral.

West Lake

West Lake is a renowned freshwater lake in Hangzhou, China, celebrated for its picturesque scenery of gardens, pagodas, and temples that have inspired poets and artists for centuries. Its cultural landscape was intentionally crafted, with much of its current form and surrounding structures dating back to the 9th century, particularly during the Tang and Song dynasties. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, it exemplifies the classic Chinese ideal of harmonizing nature and human artistry.

Red River

The Red River is a major waterway in North America, flowing approximately 1,290 miles from the Texas Panhandle northward, forming much of the border between Texas and Oklahoma, and emptying into Lake Winnipeg in Canada. Historically, it served as a vital transportation and trade route for Indigenous peoples, such as the Caddo, and later for European fur traders and American settlers during the 19th century. Its fertile valley was also the site of significant Métis settlements and the Red River Colony, an early agricultural settlement in present-day Manitoba.

Ring Road 1

“Ring Road 1” is the innermost orbital motorway encircling central London, United Kingdom. Officially opened in sections between 1986 and 1990, it was constructed to relieve traffic congestion and improve circulation around the city’s core, following the general route of the older, over-capacity North and South Circular Roads.

Ring Road 2

Ring Road 2 is a major orbital motorway encircling the central part of Hanoi, Vietnam. It was constructed in the late 1990s and early 2000s to alleviate traffic congestion and facilitate connectivity between the city’s expanding urban districts and national highways. The road plays a crucial role in the city’s modern infrastructure and economic development.

Ring Road 3

Ring Road 3 is a major orbital motorway encircling the city of Beijing, China. It was one of the first ring roads constructed in the capital, with its initial sections completed in the 1980s and the full loop finished in 1994, playing a crucial role in managing the city’s growing traffic. Today, it remains a vital transportation artery, though it has been superseded by larger outer ring roads as the city has expanded.

Ring Road 4

Ring Road 4 is a major orbital motorway encircling the greater Hanoi metropolitan area in Vietnam. It was constructed to alleviate traffic congestion in the capital by redirecting through-traffic and improving regional connectivity. The multi-phase project, with sections opening in the 2010s and 2020s, represents a key part of the country’s modern infrastructure development.