July 8 marks the 21st “World Allergy Day.” Hot and humid summer weather often exacerbates allergic diseases, particularly for those with allergic skin conditions. Experts advise patients to identify and avoid allergens, maintain a light diet, follow a regular routine, and regulate their immune system.
Allergies, also known as hypersensitivity reactions, refer to abnormal and excessive immune responses. Allergies do not indicate strong immunity but rather an imbalance in immune function, leading to an overactive defense mechanism against foreign substances.
Foreign substances typically enter the body through the nasal cavity-trachea-bronchi (airborne particles), mouth-esophagus-gastrointestinal tract (ingested substances), or skin contact. Airborne allergens mainly trigger asthma and allergic rhinitis, ingested allergens cause food or drug allergies, and skin contact leads to conditions like hives and allergic dermatitis.
Experts warn that the skin, being the body’s largest organ and first line of defense, is highly susceptible to allergic reactions. Summer’s high temperatures, humidity, strong UV exposure, and increased insect activity make allergic skin conditions more likely.
Common allergy-related skin conditions include hives, eczema, and atopic dermatitis. Hives, a frequent allergic skin disorder, are characterized by itchy, well-defined welts that usually disappear within hours or days without traces. Severe cases, however, may cause throat swelling or even suffocation.
Eczema is an inflammatory skin condition triggered by various internal and external factors, often linked to genetic predisposition. Stress, fatigue, and environmental changes can worsen symptoms.
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disease associated with genetic allergies, often accompanied by other conditions like allergic rhinitis, asthma, or food allergies.
Prevention is crucial for those with a history of allergies. Identifying and avoiding allergens, along with regular exercise and a balanced lifestyle, can help regulate immunity and reduce allergic reactions.
Experts recommend avoiding peak sunlight hours, wearing hats or using umbrellas outdoors, minimizing prolonged exposure to grassy or wooded areas to prevent insect bites, and drying the skin thoroughly after water exposure.
Severe allergic reactions may lead to life-threatening symptoms like chest tightness, throat obstruction, or loss of consciousness. Immediate medical attention is essential in such cases.
