The study was published on October 9 in a globally renowned scientific journal.
Black phosphorus is an allotrope of white phosphorus. Its unique layered structure grants it strong ionic conductivity and theoretically high charge capacity, making it a promising electrode material with quick-charging capabilities. However, black phosphorus tends to undergo structural degradation at the edges of its layered structure, and its measured performance falls far below theoretical expectations. Recently, a research team adopted an “interface design” strategy, bonding black phosphorus and graphite through phosphorus-carbon covalent linkages. This approach not only stabilized the material’s structure but also enhanced the intrinsic conductivity of the black phosphorus-graphite composite for lithium ions.
However, electrode materials are typically coated with chemicals that degrade in electrolytes, some of which hinder lithium-ion penetration—much like dust on glass obstructs light. The joint research team applied a thin polymer gel to create a dust-resistant coating that “wets” the surface of the black phosphorus-graphite composite, allowing lithium ions to pass through.
Slow charging speeds and limited range remain major constraints in electric vehicle development.
If mass production of this material is achieved, compatible cathode materials and other auxiliary components can be developed. Further optimizations in lithium battery structure, thermal management, and protective design could enable lithium-ion batteries with an energy density of 350 watt-hours per kilogram and fast-charging capabilities.
Lithium-ion batteries with an energy density of 350 watt-hours per kilogram could provide electric vehicles with a range of nearly 1,000 kilometers. Combined with fast-charging technology, the user experience of electric vehicles would be significantly enhanced.
